Figurative Language

A comparison of two unlike things, not meant to be taken literally.

A simile is an indirect comparison using like or as.

A metaphor is a direct comparison that does not use like or as.

Personification is a metaphor, comparing a nonhuman thing to a human by attributing it human properties, such as emotion or thought.

Context

Context means the conditions under which something occurs. The historical context would be the time and place that the work of fiction was written (like the setting of the author). The cultural context is like the social context of the author. The cultural context influences the author's perspective.

For a story or novel that you've read, tell us about the historical or cultural context in which it was written and how it affected the story.

Ethical appeal

An ethical appeal addresses people's sense of morality or values.

Emotional appeal

An emotional appeal uses strong feelings, rather than facts and evidence, to persuade. One could appeal to an audience's pity, fear, vanity, etc.

Author's perspective

The unique combination of ideas, values, and beliefs that influence the way a writer looks at a topic. it is usually revealed in subtle way.

Author's purpose

The author's reason for crafting a particular work. It could be to inform, to persuade, to entertain, or to express thoughts or feelings.

Narration

 Narration is the act of telling a sequence of events, often in chronological order. The narrator is the speaker who is telling the sequence of events. The narrator is not necessarily the same as the author, especially in fiction. The narrator may be from 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person point of view. A 3rd person point of view may be limited or omniscient. Narrators always have a type of bias. If the bias is large enough, the narrator may be considered unreliable.